A Study of Urinary Tract Infections Prevalence, Antibiotics Resistance, and Biofilm Formation Capability of the Bacterial Causal Agents

The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence UTI in Salahadin governorate/Iraq, identify causative agents, their antibiotic sensitivity and ability form biofilms; such studies are mandatory determine empirical therapy cases. A total 650 urine samples were collected. Two hundred fifty cultured, as suspected having UTI, 193 (77.2 %) showed growth (Positive culture), while 57 (22.8 negative cultures. Gram-positive bacteria predominant cause (66.7%), Gram-negative species found 33.3%. Staphyloccus spp. genus isolate from patients, E. coli among bacteria. isolates tested for susceptibility biofilm formation. most effective on Nitrofurantoin followed by Chloramphenicol (resistance percentage 19 20% respectively), least one Azithromycin (64% resistance). While Gram-egative Amikacin (only 8% resistance), erythromycin (98% Biofilm detection Congo red agar (CRA) method microtiter plate (MTP) assay done; results that CRA 81.3% formers. 96.7% detected formers plat assay. Generally, formation more than ones